Survay Research on Villians Essay Example for Free

Survay Research on Villians Essay Evolution of Evil Since television had become a household product in 1947 it has been used by parents to help educate their children in a certain manner to which they may understand depending on their age. In present day America television shows such as Sesame Street and Reading Rainbow usually start by teaching basic skills such as reading, writing, and spelling to infants by using different methods such as the alphabet song to make it easier for kids to comprehend. These shows and others alike also began to teach morality such as sharing, doing your part, and helping others less fortunate by using certain mascots such as a giant purple dinosaur to appeal to their childish behavior while teaching them lessons they will use all of their life. Once these lessons are fully comprehended by the kids villains, such as Scar from The Lion king and Plankton from SpongeBob, specifically geared toward children were introduced to expose children to character traits that opposed the very morals that were taught to them. These villains were usually inherently evil usually having no reason to oppose the hero other than simple emotions such as jealously or greed being their motivation to do actions that are deemed as bad such as lying, cheating, and stealing. As these kids grow up and deal with certain situations with real villains in their own life their perception of true evil changes as they experience more own their own and develop more complex in depth relationships with people. As these kids mature into teens and adults that can comprehend more complex emotions, the villains that are portrayed in the media obtain more human like features. I decided the best way to gain useful information would be to survey thirty college student that are in my age group so I could determine which villain that was created for children in the 1990’s is the most memorable and why. Then compare how they differ from the villains that are created for those same kids ten years later in present day society. I decided I would poll students in all my classes except those in my English class to ensure that I could obtain the surveyor’s honest answer to the questions I would ask. I asked those students in my class to answer my eight questions that included a ranking system that would allow them to rank cartoon villains from the 1990’s as the most or least memorable using the numbers 1 through 5 with 1 being the most memorable. I asked the same ranking question again, but with 5 famous villains portrayed in present day media while allowing space after ach question to explain why or why they weren’t scared of the villain they ranked as the most memorable during their childhood and present day. I targeted my survey toward a certain age group to try to find a pattern in the answer to which characters are the most memorable and why they are memorable. I knew when analyzing the information I received I would have to take account the hero the villain was opposing and what make s them so memorable as well. I asked thirty people how much television they watch during the week and twenty-one out of the thirty said they watch at least one hour a day. Out of the childhood focused questions the group of villains consisted of Hades from Hercules, Scar from The Lion King, Jafar from Aladdin, Mojo jo jo from the The Powder-puff Girls, and Plankton from SpongeBob Square Pants. Out of the five villains Scar from The Lion King average rank was 2. 33 which named him the most memorable character. Out of the seven survey takers that ranked Scar as the most memorable five out of the seven stated that they were not scared of Scar and that it was fairly easy to understand why he was the villain and why he did the mischievous things that he did. Of those five that were not scared of Scar explained that The Lion King was a light hearted cartoon movie about animals in the wild. The least memorable character was Mojo Jo Jo from The Powder-Puff Girls with an average ranking of 3. 81 out of 5 by the survey takers. Of the two participants that named Mojo Jo Jo the most memorable character one stated he was afraid of Mojo Jo because he saw a part of himself in Mojo Jo Jo. The other participant stated that Mojo Jo Jo was just misunderstood and was in fact not at all scary. Out of all five villains available 19 of the 21 surveyors who watched television as kids ranked the complexity of their most memorable characters as easy or fairly easy to understand. I then questioned the surveyors about five famous fictional villains displayed in today’s media. The list of villains included Jigsaw from the Saw, Joker from The Dark Knight, Green Goblin from Spiderman, Lord Voldemort from Harry Potter, and Darth Vader from Star Wars where the Joker received the highest average ranking of 2. 3 out of 5 of the most memorable villain of present day media. Four of the seven people that said Joker was their most memorable villain were scared of Joker and described his motives as questionable and his personality as a â€Å"bad Mother Fucker. † The three of seven that wasn’t scared of Joker described him as an interesting character, a great villain, and having memorable actions. The least memorable villain of these five modern day villains was Jigsaw fr om the movie Saw who had an average ranking of 3. 91 out of 5 between the thirty participants. Although Saw was the least he seemed to be the most confusing character as the three people who ranked him as the most memorable stated they were complete unsure of his motives and the reasons for his actions. On average when asked about the complexity and morale standings of these present day villains the results mirrored those of the cartoon characters with a 19 of 30 surveyors giving their most memorable villain a raking of 3 or higher. After analyzing the results to childhood questions, I believe The Lion King is the most relatable movie to kids. This movie more so than the others touches on basic principles that kids are learning during that age such as greed, jealously, and rebellion which is why it is no surprise that it is the most memorable. Simba, the love-able misunderstood tiger who seeks his rightful place as king, is opposed by Scar the symbol of evil that shows no moral empathy with the wrongful acts he commits toward his own nephew. Scar lacking of empathy allows viewers to clearly understand Scar’s motives leaving little room for confusion for the movies immature audience. On the other hand Joker seems to be completely non-relatable to most people of major society because of his questionable motives that drives the evil actions that he commits. Of the list of five present day villains only Jigsaw and Joker challenge the moral divisions of the hero they are opposing which in turn the allows the viewer to question their own moral standing about certain questions such as save the love of your life, or the city that your love. These type of interesting questions aren’t one people are likely to face in reality. Watching a character like Joker question the moral standing of Batman gives the viewers the chance to look inwardly where they usually would not. By watching the hero and understanding the reason why he made the choices he does gives the audience to analyze the choice they would make in the shoes of the hero which in turn makes the villain causing these choices to be so memorable. Surprisingly nine of the thirty participants said they didn’t watch television as they were growing although but were still familiar with the characters and able to rank them because of the conversations they had with their friends. Four out of the nine participants said that they were not allowed to watch television that wasn’t solely educational. Two of the nine participants said they did not own a television inside of their home and only saw movies every once in a while. Three out of the nine simply stated that had no time or interest for television and were wrapped up in other things such as travel sports and other time consuming hobbies as kids. However 5 out of 9 of those who did not watch television as a child ranked Joker with either a 1 or 2 as their most memorable character which shows the popularity of Joker to even those who may or may not having grown up watching Batman. The media of present day in comparison to the movies and shows of the 1990’s seemed to portray the most interesting villains are the ones that are complex and cause a question of morality of the hero which then in turn questions the audience. These questions of morality such as is it okay to kill someone whom harms others; can only be answered by each individual viewer by challenging the very believes that are molded into most kids as they are growing up. The most famous characters and villains of are childhood are those that visual show and teach life lessons that we use today, but the villains that challenge those very beliefs as adults leave a lasting impression of self-realization and moral standing in which each individual carries daily.

The Concept Of Toyota Production System Management Essay

The Concept Of Toyota Production System Management Essay This report briefly discusses the concept of Toyota Production System/ Lean manufacturing that Japanese Methodology introduced by Saichi Toyoda, the concept of value chain established by Professor Michael Porter in 1985 and lower waste and competitive advantages of the Lean Manufacturing. All through this report discus about the Toyota Company. In the first part of this report describe about the Lean Manufacturing of selected company. It is critically evaluate the Lean Production which is seeking a high level of production with minimum cost of the Toyota Company that originally Japanese Methodology. At the second this report is highlighting what the recommendations for managing wastes that associates with value chain of the Toyota Company. It is categorised in two categories that primary activities and supply activities in Value Chain. Thirdly discuss what are the implications of recommendation, which discussed before on organizational resources and justify those recommendations which effect on competitiveness sustainability and social responsibility of the company Finally this report describes the Porters Value Chain as a templates and a frame work which support to the front line managers in danger signals and how to face that Danger Signals and identifying wastes. 1) The critical evaluation of lean production in the Toyota Company. It is very important to overview what is the Lean Manufacturing and seeking higher level of output with minimum possibilities such as low labour cost, law material cost, low time and low inventory space, Lean manufacturing produce at a higher level by reducing wastes from the system and simplifying the methods. Toyota Production System is based on two concepts one is jidoka which can translate to automation with a mans touch. It can stop once avoiding the malfunctioning of products when problems arise in the equipment. Wastes can be occurred from several reasons such as, overproduction, waiting, transportation, inventory, defective units, motion and over-processing. Hence Lean Manufacturing in eliminating wastes. Toyota production system/ Lean Manufacturing is introduced by Toyota cooperation which is event of four gentlemen. Sakichi Toyoda, who is father of Toyota Group, Kiichiro Toyoda, son of Sahichi Toyoda, Eiji Toyoda, who was Managing Director from 1950 to 1981 and Taiichi Ohno the father of the Kanban System and chairman in 1981 to 1994. Toyota Use 7 techniques to attain Lean Manufacturing Reduction of set up times Set up activities are wasteful until they tie up labours and equipment with procedures by charts and training to employees and organizing activities. Toyota manages to avoid the setup times. Miner production The organization has to face higher cost on high capital, new machinery, more inventory, set up expenses, high lead times and defect costs when they manufacturing large quantities of products. But Toyota has turned towards low setup and it leads employees to produce in small quantities. Empowerment and Involvement of employees The Toyota Company organize the employees in the organization in to teams and appoint team leaders those having an authority to handle many specific tasks. The company provides training of minor equipment repair and housekeeping and leaders have to work with their teams in the lines 02. Quality at the source If there is some fault it should be able to identify immediately and need be corrected. Totoya has idoka and stop functioning. Equipment maintenance Toyota workers are more conscious about the failure, because they have been well trained to do basic maintenance. Employees have been trained to relevant to maintenance and enhance the quality of the equipment, so they need specialist fix only for complex problems. Pull production Pull production is always target on minimize cost of stock holding, this was introduced by Kotelnikov in 2001 and this is cause to minimize cost of stock holding and time saving. Next stage of materials demand lead to work performs at each step. kanban organize the movement of small containers of miner material between steps. Supplier involvement Toyota Company trains their suppliers to minimize the setup times, maintain stock and reduce failure. And also they consider their suppliers as their partners in the business. Source: Kotelnikov (2001) 2)Recommendations on the ways how waste is managed in Toyota company. The value chain is providing proper method to indicate the improvement of competive advantage in the business. There are number of stages in value chain process for make to value, these all steps are altogather effeted of company value delivering process. What is the way of basic activities can effect to reduce waste in operation process. Inbound logistics The good which needed for production buy from suppleirs and they are stored until they use for the prduction assembly line. Goods are tranfering all over the orrdanization. The Toyota company collect high quality rawmaterials from the best suppelirs in all over the world and keep countinously that quality. They purchase best quality rawmaterials to minimise the watages in prodution line. To handle rawmatrial, The Toyota company practice with JIT (Just In Time) and they keep close relationship with suppleirs to maximise the availability. Operations At this operational level raw materials used to manufacture and assemble. At every separate part of the assembling, includes producing new cars and modifying new cars engine. The Toyota use different and efficient methods for assembling and modifying the car manufacturing to reduce wastages. Outbound logistics They need to be sent to wholesalers, retailers or customers along the supply chain when production is finished. Toyota has opened their show rooms all over the world and made the products more quantifiable to reduce wastages. Marketing and sales They introduce some offers based on target customers. Toyota is true customer oriented company. The Toyota Company mainly focus on the Marketing and promotion Mix to minimize the wastages. Service Toyota provides training on final checking practices and after sales service to Toyota value customers to eliminate wastes from final delivery. Support activities to reduce wastes Procurement This is accountable for purchasing materials for Toyota. It is very important to make the transaction that is high quality product at the lowest price. The Toyota going with some activities such as, outsourcing and e-purchasing to make the effectiveness and free from wastes Development of Technology Technology is front-runners to competitive advantage, as manufacturer of vehicle Toyota is innovating to increase and sustain competitive advantage. Human resource management The Toyota considers their employees as the asset of company. Toyota practice with, recruitment and selection, Training and development, Maintenance and compensation to maintain their employees with higher satisfaction, 3) Recommendation for long term sustainability and corporate social responsibility. Toyota was number one and most admired car producer (Manufacture) in the world according to the annual rating of fortune published in 2001 included such as General motors and Ford .The umbrella policy of Toyota company is the reason and basic philosophy to success in global market environment and its lead to the make company decision and activities. Toyota has penetrated to USA market and invested there. Now they are well established in USA market it is match with its lean manufacturing system. Toyotas way encourages and motivates their employees and they consider it as capital, their main purpose is ultimately winning the employee motivation. All these empowering of employees are lead to more innovation and increase employee participation for manufacturing process and improve its productivity. Toyota way leads to product development and offer very friendly and loyal manner for their customers and they always target to be market oriented. Toyota use out sourcing and it plays a very i mportant part of their manufacturing process and it cause to reduce more direct cost and reduce market risk. Meanwhile Toyota has understood of the importance of engaging with particular specialized suppliers. Toyotas competitive advantage is mainly attributable to the schedule and the coordinate of activities among the network of 300 components suppliers. Toyotas competitive advantage was gained by a strategic commitment to produce exclusive automobiles. Toyota borrowed technology from established car manufacturers and made the procedures what effectively helped to regain customer demand. Customer demand has been the most important strategic initiate of the company. Behind the success of the Toyota Company there are three main components, A network of suppliers in Japan and in US which can be interpreted as world class. An effective Just in time system to manage inventory, which is dependent upon the activities of supplier network. Robot technology incorporated assembly system, the Japan and North America has both won the platinum plant quality award for this function. The processes and procedures sped up when the waste is eliminated from the companys main stream. Even the quality of the product increases when the waste is eliminated. This means the customer and the manufacturer are equally benefited by the Toyota production method. The company and the customer are in a win- win situation and the profits reflect the improvements. Toyota is famous for its innovations and became the largest manufacturer of cars in 2007 ahead of many leading car manufacturers achieving the competitive advantage by innovations. Toyota production system has given Toyota company competitive advantage on a global scale. This advantage is gained through elimination of waste by earlier recommendations by the combination of their human recourses management policies, their highly effective network of suppliers which provide them with raw materials whenever they need it and machine manufacturers that produce machines which are used in the product lines continuously. The management philosophy is more important for their long term sustainability, Toyota is known for its corporate culture which enhances the employee empowerment. According to Hub pages (2010) In an average year more than 700,000 improvement suggestions were submitted by Toyotas employees. That is an average of over 10 improvement suggestions per employee per year. What is perhaps most impressive is that over 99% of suggestions were implemented. This shows how employee centered the company is. Toyota knows that the employees are the key to continuous im provement, their ability and creativity leads to innovation in-house. When the employees are well looked after the company will earn their trust, their loyalty and they will work with an improved morale. Toyota Company has strived to with subsidiaries, suppliers to contribute towards a sustainable development of society making good quality automobiles. When lean manufacturing is used to eliminate waste and improve quality, as it is doing so it is effective to reduce the environmental impact as well. The ways in which Toyota has reduced environmental impact are Engaging in venture capital partnerships where the Toyota Company examines the innovator to establish a new technique to commercial development and success. Building working teams and groups of employees to research and development in sustainable practices in technology Bonding with community organizations which are environmental friendly and working in sustainable issues in order to support and help the community work. Toyota targets for growth that is in harmony with the environment by minimizing the impact which is causing by operational activities, For example reducing the impact on the climate change and biodiversity by vehicle emissions. Toyota is building a relationship between the environment and economic activities to coexist parallel. They create bonds between the individuals and the organizations that are involved in the environmental preservation. Toyota honors individualism by their philosophy of respect for people and concerns about the culture, customs, history, laws of each country which they are operating in. The evolving needs of sustainable mobility is achieves through continuous use of safe, clean and advanced technology. Illegal means are prohibited by the company to ensure long run sustainability with government and non-government agencies. The enrichment of the society is highly valued by Toyota when they are engaging in business with suppliers and customers. This will strengthen the community of the country which is involved. a) Identify the types wastes in both primary and support processes The processes Associated Wastes Primary Processes Inbound logistics Operations Out bound logistics Marketing and sales Services Support Activities Procurement Technology development Human resource management Motion Processing Transportation Inventory Waiting time Motion Defects Waiting time Transportation Inventory Transportation Inventory Defects Inventory Motion Processing Transportation Inventory Transportation Defects Inventory Processing Waiting time Processing Motion. Over production When demand reduces overproduction creates a huge problem with unsold stocks and wasted by products which include material handling inventory space, interest charges, machinery and equipment, and overhead expenses and costs. Manufacturing should be limited to only the adequate quantity with a quality standard, low cost and correct time Waiting time This is created due to worker idleness or due to employees who spend time not knowing the way to avoid the malfunctioning of the machines. When the work is specified for an assembly line the speed and volume of the work can be monitored. To reduce the waiting time only the machines and people that are needed to do the work itself can be hired. Transportation This occurs due to poor layout of the factory, basically within the assembly floor or storage facilities, which lead to over handling of goods. Long supplier lines will increase the transportation costs, while making higher fuel prices. Processing Using best practices to ensure the machinery and fixtures are undergoing regular maintenance. Inventory Stocks can be an excess charge to the company unless it is organized well. It has to be minimized to achieve higher level of standards in production. The things that should be avoided to removing unintentional inventory are Unavoidable and unreliable supply, forecasting errors, poor accuracy is the things that should be avoided to eliminate unintentional inventory. Motion This is the time spent without adding value to the product or the process. Even though there is a movement it does not indicate that the work is accomplished through it. The carefully planned layout and fixture selection can be used to eliminate this. Defects The company may lose customer satisfaction and demand for products if there is a defect of products it may reason for waiting time, material costs, labour costs in the long run. b) The danger signals of each waste Type of Waste The danger signals Faults or Defects Exceed the target production/Overproduction Stocks/ Inventories Over- Processing Human motion Transportation and Handling Waiting Confusion Unsafe or un-ergonomic Underutilized human potential Errors in Data entry errors at the office level activities Toyota company Errors on ordering and invoicing Error that can be gone to the assembly line that can be identified or corrected Change engineering orders Employee turnover Absenteeism Design flows Processing an order before it is needed. Any processes done base on routine with unpredictable demand. Producing products in advance they are needed. Any procedure of batch processing Generating processes for avoiding errors than depends on inspection Entering data into system several times by mistake Creating extra copies of unnecessary folders and providing un useful reports. Walking around production floor Walking around departments Inventories Movement Unnecessary attachments to the unpackaged to be delivered Distributing unwanted stocks to the people that are not needing them Reducing work speed because of the slow machinery. Waiting for approvals Waiting for customer and supplier information Waiting for confirmation from the management Missed data, any objectives, concepts that may reason the employees uncertainty as to what have to be done. The issues that may reasons the employees with health conditions such as back pain eye fatigue etc. This will reason because of the repetitive work they are involved in. Escaping the employees in taking regular decisions. They restrict the authority responsibility. Paying high amount of salary wages on routine tasks where their expertise is hidden in some other area. Business tools and Employees assigned work are not measured. Employees Not trusting the to perform jidoka which is to stop work to fix a problem. Employees not trusting to be clean and tiding up their work area. Employees not trusting the work for the continuous improvement. c) How Toyota Company respond to the danger signals To escape the danger signals in over production By using a sell one buy one method The Company can change their order replacement of repetitive stock. The Toyota planned Order cut-off times for delivery. When finished this process of order then selected filled and distributed. While improving performance of the delivery, smoothing demand increase significantly demands of the supplier and efficiency. By Eliminating or taking out the created demand the Toyota can cut its inventory and improve productivity. If they have surplus of the production The Toyota store, manage and protect them as inventory. As the key response of the worker have to think next step of the process as his/her own customer and provide the required quantity with excellence of quality at the lowest price and right time. To escape the danger signals in waiting The Toyota synchronize the production and distribution process with the cut-off time therefore distributors can avoid having their delivery of products or raw materials delayed cost and waiting for the next delivery by their logistics subordinate. Complete the volume of work required the capability- both speed and volume of each task can be inspected. This helps to utilise the machinery and people that wanted to minimize the method meeting the manufacturing the demands. To escape the danger signals in Transportation The system in Toyota and logistics of JIT minimized variation of demand significantly. In terms of minimization the waste have to be done in the areas of coordination of progress, layout and other general operations. To escape the danger signals in motion By carefully scheduled layout and the matched selection can eliminate this type of wastes. To escape the danger signals in inventory Inventory can be reduced to monthly supply by establishing small quantity of orders through the supply chain maintain at different order levels. The reacts to the wastes of inventory, Disposal of out-dated materials Produce the number of items required by the succeeding process Purchase the materials of required amount. Can achieve savings by volume discounts but must careful with inventory and storage cost. Produce only required quantity to achieve the most appropriate quantity, set up the measuring and measure set up and exchanges the inventory and carrying costs. To escape the danger signals in Product defects A comprehensive system should be established to reduce defect waste of products, therefore employees can get prior knowledge to recognize the defects and they can take prevention actions immediately. To escape the danger signals in processing The philosophies of design should be taken into consideration and should be employed for manufacturing. Before the production begins the processing should be reduced or removed. . Conclusion At the end this report says that The Toyota Company is succeeding their prospective through Lean Manufacturing. This Achievement is not happen coincidence but it continuing progress throughout the Lean Management and Waste Management. The employees those one of primary resources of the Toyota contribute for organizational Success. Understanding of Toyota Production System and achieving organizational gaols is very difficult to any company though it is possible to follow the Toyota Production System. The Toyota has a desire as the first organization which introduced Lean Manufacturing that eliminates wastes at any level of production process. At present many companies are following Toyota Production System and establishing Lean Manufacturing to their organizational system. They have increased the efficiency of work processes. The understanding and the application of Toyota Production System is essential stage of value chain is important.

Characters that Most Influenced Inman in Cold Mountain Essay -- essays

The novel Cold Mountain is about two peoples’ independent journeys through different struggles and situations at the same time. One of these people is Inman, an injured soldier who is trying to find his way home after deserting from the fighting. He meets a lot of strange people along the way. Some of them help and some of them hinder. However, they all teach him something about himself, or something that he can relate to himself. There are some characters that are more significant in this respect than others and they have more of an actual influence on Inman’s journey. One of these characters is Veasey, the preacher. Inman meets him when he catches the preacher trying to throw a drugged, pregnant girl into the ‘Deep River’. Inman saves the girl from Veasey and leaves him to face his punishment. Later on in the story, Veasey returns with â€Å"his face†¦cut and marked by bruises†. Veasey is a general negative influence on Inman’s odyssey. He uses religion to justify his immoral acts and symbolises false faith and unrestrained selfishness. He is, however, company for Inman, even though Inman does not want it. They travel together and find a â€Å"grim roadside inn†. It is here that we see Veasey as being a danger to Inman. Veasey meets a prostitute called Big Tildy and makes a deal. Here, he picks a fight with a drunken, armed man who tries to take Big Tildy elsewhere. The two men draw their pistols at each other, but Tildy takes Veasey’s from him. Veasey wants to continue with the fight. Inman steps in a nd the drunken man goes away. â€Å"You’re set on getting us both killed.† Inman realises that Veasey is a danger and tries to leave him behind when he leaves, the next day. Veasey however, catches up to him again. Together they both meet Jun... ...s ironic because all throughout the novel we have heard stories of Inman’s terrible ordeals in the war. Inman’s journey has been both negatively affected (Veasey) and positively affected (Sara). In my opinion, for all of the bad things that happen to Inman, something good happens. The best example of this is Veasey. Inman puts up with Veasey and his annoying habits for so long, and he saves his life in the end. Therefore, even the negative influences that Inman experiences on his odyssey, result in a positive outcome. Inman learns a lot from the people that he meets on his odyssey. Some affect his journey and some do not. There are characters that have not been mentioned because they are not as influential as the ones that have been. Characters like the gypsies, who show Inman that stereotypes cannot always be trusted, do not help him on his psychological journey.

Change in Massachusetts Politics Essay -- Massachusetts Politics Gover

Change in Massachusetts Politics   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Massachusetts has always been known for its politics. From the days of John Hancock and John Adams to the Kennedy Compound and failed Dukakis presidential campaign, the Bay State is, has been, and always will be a hotbed of political activism. But that does not mean that Massachusetts has a vibrant two party system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If anything can be said about Massachusetts, it is that the state and its voters are certainly lop-sided towards one party. Massachusetts currently has Democrats filling all of their US House and US Senate Seats, as well as a 138 of 160 State House seats, and 33 of 40 State Senate seats. The only state-wide office held not held by the Democrats is the Governor’s seat, which is set to be widely contested next year with 7 candidates lining up to face â€Å"incumbent† acting Gov. Jane Swift.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the old days however, the story wasn’t exactly the same. For practically every year before 1928, Massachusetts overwhelming voted Republican. In fact, the first Republican floor leader in the US Senate was Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr., from Massachusetts. Many of the famous Massachusetts politicians that rose to power before world war two were Republicans, including President Calvin Coolidge, who before moving on to Vice President and President, was the Governor of Massachusetts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Somewhat like today’s climate in the state, Massachusetts at that time was also dominated by one party. It just happened to be the Republicans rather than the Democrats. Before Franklin Roosevelt, the Democrats were largely the party of the Southern whites farmers who were ideologically different than the Northern white businessmen that dominated politics and voted largely Republican.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is the party switch that is the most interesting and the most available to analyzing. There most certainly was a switch somewhere between the roaring twenties and the great depression, but it not necessarily had everything to do with the money in people’s pockets. The reasons for it are to be further explained. The Industrial Revolution in Massachusetts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Massachusetts during the 1880’s and 1890’s, as in almost every other part of the country, immigrants were arriving at unprecedented levels. Especially in Boston, but in other communities like Lowell, Brockton, Worcester, and Springfield, the demographic of people was slowly ... ...once in 1984 during a campaign in which he lost only one state. Especially evident was in 1972, when Massachusetts was the only state in the nation that did not vote for Nixon in his re-election bid. That vote prompted the â€Å"Don’t Blame Me, I’m from Massachusetts† bumper sticker that still puts a grin on Bay Staters faces today. Conclusion: Massachusetts, A need to be unique   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the Great Depression, the entire nation has been much more supportive of Democrats than they previously were. Most of that support can be attributed to Roosevelt’s New Deal, and the ineffectiveness of Hoover’s Republican strategies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Massachusetts, however, there has always been a different reason for doing things. This was no different. While the economy may have played a major role, Massachusetts’ change was evident before the â€Å"true† start of the depression.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Similar changes happened in New York, Rhode Island, and other industrial states. However, Massachusetts has always prided themselves on being a leader and an innovator, and as proved by the analysis into the elections of the 20’s and 30’s, it is evident that this major swing in political beliefs was no different.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Piece Of The Pie :: essays research papers

Piece of the Pie Money is an important issue for almost all college students. Very few are lucky enough not to have the financial burdens of tuition, housing, and food interfere with their academic initiatives. Some students have parents that are wealthy enough to cover all of the costs of college. Other students are given financial aid from the university that they attend. If necessary, students can get jobs to help differ the costs. There are no restrictions put on most students as to where they can work, or how much they can earn. Most students have this freedom, but varsity athletes with scholarships attending Division I schools do not. The National Collegiate Athletic Association, the governing body of collegiate athletics, restricts these athletes from having jobs. Even though these athletes would have a hard time make room for a job between practices, meetings and games, they are not even given the opportunity to do so because of the NCAA regulations. These regulations are based on the fear that athletes could be employed by affiliates of the university, who could attract the best athletes by unjustifiably paying them extraordinary salaries. While this may be a valid concern, the regulations are most often carried out to ridiculous lengths which ultimately do not serve the purpose they are intended to have. For example, Northwestern University has an aspiring young actor named Darnell Autry who also happens to be the starting running back for the University's football team. Darnell was offered a role, based entirely on his acting abilities, in a major network's sitcom. The NCAA nearly forbid him from accepting this offer based on the regulations against athlete employment. Darnell was eventually allowed to accept the job, however, the NCAA did not allow him to get paid for his work. They reasoned that the cost of the flight out of Chicago was payment enough for Darnell. As in Darnell's case, the regulations cause more problems then they prevent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The prospect of the money waiting for many athletes, like Darnell, when they leave college, leads them to abandon their education and head straight for the professional leagues. Some athletes, like Shawn Kemp or Kobe Bryant, skip college entirely. Kemp and Bryant both went directly from high school to the National Basketball Association, and are currently making millions of dollars a year. Other athletes, such as Stephon Marbury, Allen Iverson, Marcus Camby, Terry Glen, and Tim Biakabatuka, all college phenomenons from basketball and football, skip as many as three of their remaining college years. The lure of fame and fortune is making more and more athletes leave college early each year.

Jairo Morales Homwork

Lu is the person who handles looks after loan applications. 5 Mailman has announced that it will be intro icing _bringing out a new online payment system in the fall. 6 Can you check _ look up the bank reference code in the directory? 7 The government has decided to advance bring forward the date for submitting tax returns. 8 The bank has refused _turned down my application for a loan. 9 The exact conditions are explained set out in detail in the contract. 10 You need to provide proof of identify before you an open _set up an account.C Choose two of the verbs from the list below. How many phrasal verbs can you make by combining them with the prepositions or adverbs from box 2? Check come cut fall get go look make pay put run settle Check out/ up fall down/ out Grammar Check 2 A The modals can, could, might, may, should, will, and shall are used to express different degrees of likelihood. Look at their use in the sentences below. In which of the three categories (a, b, or c) would you include them? A Possible b Impossible c Certain Customers can't withdraw more than $300 a day in cash. B 2 It can take at least a month before a home loan is approved. _a 3 The insurance company will charge you for the whole year even if you don't deice to cancel after the first month. _ c 4 To cash a check for more than $200, clients may be asked to provide ID. _a 5 It could be difficult to get your associates to agree to those conditions. A _ 6 We shall need written confirmation Of the transfer request. _c 7 You might find it more convenient to do your banking by phone. A_ 8 The bank won't cover overdrafts beyond the specified limit. C B Read the sentences and choose the correct answer (a or b). 1 It b take longer than two days to process your applications. A couldn't B shouldn't lend you an additional $ 1000 if you maintain your credit record. A can B won't 3 They've promised that all the paperwork a _ be ready before next week. A will B may 4 It be better to ask if you can repa y the money in installments. A might shall 5 I'm afraid that we _ a accept payment in cash. A can't B mightn't 6 The local bank closes at six so B should Conclusion: be able to get there in time.A can Being weak in grammar poses a great challenge to ourselves, especially while writing and speaking. This often becomes a major problem. Nowadays most communication is through writing, be it courtesy mails, proposals, invoices, quotations, or invites. People who are into advancing their careers, their businesses, and those on the lookout for personal enrichment have no choice but to polish their grammar, especially the tenses. This will ensure the communication gets understood correctly and avoid misunderstandings.

Aspects of Contract and Neglegence for Business Essay

IntroductionThis study focuses on the designation of the facets of contract and carelessness for concern. There are understandings and contract in every concern in recent than earlier. Verbal understandings are normally no longer used by the concerns. Written understanding in the signifier of contract is ore preferred to all. But. the profitableness of contract is uncomplete if the ordinances and facets are unknown. Well recognition of contract in concern provides a legal certification procuring the outlooks of the parties involved. Contracts work as a safety tool of the resources. On the contrary. carelessness is lifting into the basis of our system for counterbalancing people for inadvertent harm and hurts. This is because it allows the tribunals to present amendss in civil wrong in some fortunes where it is non possible to make so in contract. This study will assist scholars to understand in and all about the contract formation and carelessness of contract in concerns. Learning OBJECTIVESTASK 1 Understand the indispensable elements of a valid contract in a concern context TASK 2 Be able to use the elements of a contract in concern state of affairss TASK 3 Understand rules of liability in carelessness in concern activities TASK 4 Be able to use the rules of liability in carelessness in concern state of affairss. Undertaking 1LO 1. 1 Importance of the indispensable elements required for the formation of a valid contract Offer and Acceptance: The being of an offer and an credence are a procedure of dissect the process of agreement to make up one's mind whether an understanding has been created. Common consent of the parties is necessary of an understanding. Without an understanding. contract is impossible. Consideration: another critical component is consideration of the parties related to the contracted topic. Legal consideration makes the parties form a contract. Capacity: Both or all of the parties need to be capable to cover an understanding. Having mental upset. under age etc. do incapacities to organize a contract. Consent: The apprehension would be invalid. if the portion doesn’t come without consent. Consent means willingness of the parties. It might be influenced by several issues. Certainty: It is needed to the topic of the contract be certain. Uncertainty creates ambiguity in the contract. Lawfulness: The topic is of import to come into trade or contract lawfully. Otherwise. it won’t be count as a contract harmonizing to the jurisprudence. LO 1. 2 Impact of different types of contract Bilateral and Unilateral ContractsIf two parties exchange a shared and equal warrant that ensures the executing of a gesture. a committedness or a dealing or turning away from executing of a presentation or a committedness. refering each assemblage included in the understanding. is called as bilateral contract in the facets of jurisprudence. It is besides called as a reversible contract. Unilateral contract is a warrant provided by one and merely assemblage. The offerer who offers. warrants to put to death a certain gesture or a committedness if the offeree who accepts the offer. coincides on executing an act that is seen as a legitimately enforceable contract. It normally asks for an recognition from the other assemblage to acquire the understanding executed. As a consequence. it is an unbalanced contract since merely the offerer is certain to the tribunal of jurisprudence nor the offeree. An of import aim of this type of understanding is that. the offeree can’t be sued for f orbearing. giving up or really pretermiting to put to death his presentation. since he doesn’t warrant anything. If two parties trades a common and mutual promise that implicates the executing of an act. forbearing. abandoning or even neglecting to put to death his act. since he does non assure anything. LO 1. 3 Footings in contracts with mention to their significance and consequence ConditionsA status is an of import affair of capable which is considered as the basic to the chief cause for the formation of understanding. A breach of status qualifies the harmed party for denying the understanding. WARRANTIES Warranty is a less indispensable but ineluctable term. It is count as a must to the understanding as it is non cardinal. A guarantee gives the harmed party the right to claim injuries and the claimed party can’t revoke the understanding. Intermediate Footing It is tough to specify a term suitably earlier clip as either a status or a guarantee. A few issues may include a moderate place. in that the term could be surveyed as the results of a interruption. Sing that a rupture of the term brings about utmost injury. the harmed party will be qualified for haling the understanding where the interruption includes minor bad luck. the harmed party’s remedies will be limited to harm. Undertaking 2LO 2. 1 Application of the elements of contractIn the jurisprudence of contract. the offer and credence is so conventional and important. The rules of offer and credence include a standard offer. credence and correspondence around the two or more parties or people doing the understanding is important. In the given concern scenario. it is noticeable that the illustrations of organizing an understanding is when Mr. John was responded the responsibility of guaranting new Personal computer model. He decided to purchase from â€Å"Best Computers† . and marked a concern concurrency with that organisation for the supply of new machine models. In concern concurrency with Best Computers. the footings and conditions of the understanding were non clear plenty. and Mr. John signed that contract without a spot respect for the all facets of the averment. which created a wretchedness for him and few yearss subsequently when they neglected to provide the machines on clip and most of them were harmed. That happened because of the contractual topics were non checked decently. The offer must be univocal and immediate to an surrogate party to contract. LO 2. 2 Application of the jurisprudence on footings in different contracts The Sale of Goods Act-1979 can be applied in the instance of the instance between Linda Green and the jobber. The act can be applied in the instance in the undermentioned ways: If Linda Green wants a claim under the Sale of Goods Act. she has several possible ways of deciding the issue depending on the fortunes and on what she wants to be done. Well here the rights are against the jobber non the maker as the marketer was apt because of the incorrect supply of merchandise. The Sale of Goods Act 1979 gives the right to the purchaser to acquire replaced. repaired or refunded if the goods are defective and it is returned in the clip as per the jurisprudence provides that is 3-4 hebdomads after purchase depending on the type and nature of the defective merchandise. So Linda Green can reject it and acquire a refund in stipulated clip. The retail merchant must mend or replace defective goods within a sensible clip. If don’t. Linda will be entitled to claim either a decrease on the purchase monetary value or recision. If the retail merchant refuses. so the compensation can be claimed by mendi ng it by person else and roll up the sum at that place of ( Simon and Gillian. 2005 ) . But Linda’s claims end up in tribunal. and so she has to turn out that the mistake was present when she bought the point and it wasn’t the consequence of normal wear and tear. But if it is beyond six months. adept sentiment is required to turn out the faulty merchandise. So given the undermentioned state of affairss. Linda Green can easy win in claiming for the faulty goods. LO 2. 3 Effects of different footingsA proper rating of the effects of different footings is necessary to continue with the contract. Here. a state of affairs was given where some footings are noticeable. The followerss are some of the footings of John’s contract with the Best Computers: The marketer will non transport the hazard for any harm or bad luck occurred by any defect in workstation. Parties are able to call off the petition through a former notice of three yearss without geting any duty for any bad luck. Value paid by clients is non returnable by the organisation at the cancellation of the understanding. These are some indispensable footings included in John’s contract with the Best Computers. The organisation should hold been obligated to vouch the safety of supplying right machines or any available points without any mischievousness. The organisation should hold been responsible to reply for any happening. But conditions should be included in the apprehensio n of the understanding. Making legitimate model of the cancellation of understanding is furthermore imperative throughout the given contract. but doing some footings unnoticed is non lawful. all the footings and conditions involved in an understanding must be good defined and clear plenty. TASK 3 LO 3. 1 Liability in civil wrong with contractual liabilityThere are some important differences exist in between the liability in civil wrong and contractual liability. Some among of them are as: †¢ Contractual duties are volitionally done but Byzantine duties are implemented by jurisprudence. Contractual duties give a free pick to come in in a contractual relationship but Byzantine duties provide no picks.†¢ a individual is apt to pay or owes a responsibility merely to the contracted party but liabilities in civil wrong agencies that a individual is apt to owe responsibility to all as non to slander or intrude other’s belongings.†¢ A historical difference of formation exists in these two. The contractual liability is created from three parts of actions as debt. compact and sumps while the liabilities in civil wrong are derived from the right of trespass.†¢ Usually liability in contract is rigorous and ineluctable one time formed but the Byzantine liability is based on mistake. Any mistake comes into history in the Byzantine liability. It is more similar common for everybody of a certain affair. The liability in civil wrong is ever paid square atten tion while the liability in contract is non at all. LO 3. 2 Nature of liability in carelessness In the given state of affairs. the direction of the organisation is apt for the injuries and hurts caused by the slippy floor of their office and they should besides be considerable adequate to see themselves dependable for the amendss or injuries caused due the mistakes in their merchandises. Rigorous duty is risk without defect. Recollect rigorous hazard is non categorical duty and is deserving researching of the jurisprudence on this zone. As pictured prior that Byzantine duty rotates around duties settled by jurisprudence. While rigorous hazard is a criterion for duty which may be in either by a condemnable or civil connexion. A regulation specifying rigorous duty makes an single lawfully answerable for the injury and bad luck brought on by his or her passages and inadvertences paying small attentiveness to blameworthiness. In the given state of affairs the disposal of Best Computer is answerable for the amendss and lesions brought approximately by the slippery floor of their off ice. and they might every bit good similarly be sufficient to see themselves as reliable for the injuries or amendss initiated due the issues in their points. LO 3. 3 Concept and elements of vicarious liability Vicarious liabilityVicarious liability refers liability for the civil wrongs of others. It arises due to a relationship between the parties. It is a philosophy of English civil wrong jurisprudence that imposes rigorous liability on employers for the errors of their employees. Generally. an employer will be held apt for any civil wrong committed while an employee is carry oning their responsibilities. The vicarious liability commissariats of the statute law are merely applicable where the alleged favoritism and torment occurs in connexion with the person’s employment. This means the employer may be held vicariously apt for the actions of employees if they have non taken all sensible stairss to forestall the favoritism and torment from happening both within the usual work environment and at employer events. such as sponsored seminars. conferences. work maps. Christmas parties. concern or field trips. An employer may be vicariously apt for the behavior of: single employees or groups of employeesmanagers. supervisors or directorsworkplace participantsagentscontract workers or people being paid committeea spouse of a company hassling another spouseLiability of personsThe vicarious liability commissariats of the statute law do non prevent single individuals from being held apt for their ain discriminatory or hassling behaviour in the workplace or in connexion with their employment. It may be that both the employer. who has been found to hold non taken all sensible stairss to forestall the favoritism and torment from happening. and the person. who is the alleged differentiator or harasser. will be held jointly apt for the behaviour. Undertaking 4LO 4. 1 Application of the elements of the civil wrong of carelessness There are several constituents of carelessness that obliges that an pained party illustrates the attach toing four variables. They are: The litigator owed an duty to the offended party The litigator abused that dutyAs a effect of the respondent’s misdemeanor of that duty. the pained party endured harm The harm was a sanely predictable consequence of the litigant’s activity or inactivity In this state of affairs. the artlessness is happened when figure of people slipped at floor of the Best Computer office. In fact. they may every bit good inform the wet floor and show people come ining to their office premises. LO 4. 2 Application of the elements of vicarious liabilityIt is obligatory for the resident of premises to vouch the wellness and security of the persons working at that place. In the given state of affairs it was duty of the Best Computers to vouch that their office premises are sheltered for its specializers. The hazard appropriate in the given state of affairs will be direct liability on the evidences that the disposal is specifically obligated for the lesions created at their premises. DecisionIt is hoped that this study clear up its intents of specifying and showing the contract and footings and conditions of contract. It besides expresses an adequate illustration of carelessness which is a cardinal fact to the contract. Whatsoever. parties involved within an understanding or contract need to hold an well apprehension of contract and carelessness for every twenty-four hours concern traffics which is mentioned in a suited manner in this study. MentionsAndrew Burrows. Ewan McKendrick. James Edelman ( 2007 ) . Cases and stuffs on the jurisprudence of damages 2nd Edition. New York: Oxford University. BPP Professional Education. ( 2004 ) . Compulsory Unit 5 Common Law I back uping foundation grades. West Midlands. England: W M Print. Rose. Nelson ( 2003 ) . Gambling and the Law: Status of Gambling Laws. California: Whittier Law School. MacMilan C. and Stone R. . 2012. Elementss of a Contract. London University Press. Atiyah P. S. . 2000. An Introduction to the Law of Contract. Clarendon. Beatson J. . 2010. A Burrows and J Cartwright. Anson’s Law of Contract. OUP ( ed 29 ) . London Press. McKendrick E. . 2009. Contract Law ( ed 4 ) . Palgrave. Peel E. and Treitel G. H. . 2011. Treitel on the Law of Contract ( ed 13 ) .Sweet and Maxwell. Simon D and Gillian M. . 2005. . Labour Law. UK.Department of employment and acquisition. 2004. Individual right of employees. Employment brochure series. UK. Mathews B. . 2002. Employer Employee Relationship. Department of labour publications. UK. Wedderburn K. W. . 1986. The Worker and the Law ( ed 3 ) . Harmondsworth. UK. The Sale of Goods Act. 1979 ( online ) Available at. Accessed at 9th July. 2014. The Consumer Credit Act-1974. Availabe at Accessed at 9th July. 2014.