SCI D2 Astrology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SCI D2 Astrology - Essay Example ystems of the people, belonging to ancient cultures and civilizations of Greece, Rome, Egypt, India, China and Babylonia, Astrology got the status of pure science among the philosophers, writers, dramatists and intellectuals of ancient times. Continuously, the prominent poets and playwrights including Homer, Sophocles, Xenias and others have alluded to the impact of the movement of planets on the triumphs and failures of the kings, queens and warriors. Sophocles’ magnificent Athenian tragic play Oedipus the King (429 B.C.E) portrays the prophecy about the ill fortune of the newly born son of King Laius and Queen Jocasta of the Thebes City, where the son i.e. Oedipus would kill his father and would marry his mother on growing young. (Lines 1008-1310) The future poets also alluded to the movements of stars and planets in their works by affiliating it to important happenings occurred in the life of nations and individuals at large. The later playwrights including Marlow, Shakespe are and others have also alluded to stars in their works. Shakespearean tragedy Julius Caesar (1599) states: "The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, But in ourselves. (Act 1, Scene 2), where the poet has declared an association between human deeds and stars; as the celestial bodies support the people having good intentions and positive thinking, and curse those, who are evil-minded and devise plans to harm, hurt and destroy the others. Abrahamic Scriptures also narrate the people’s having faith in celestial bodies, as the Holy Prophet Abraham refuted the offer of accompanying his fellow-beings by making accuse that the stars predicted that he was going to fall ill, (The Qur’an: 37:88-89) because he was determined to break the false gods i.e. idols into pieces. Thus, astrology had been in vogue for the last several centuries as a pure science. Astrology declares the sun, the moon and nine celestial bodies i.e. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto,

A constitution is a document that seeks to legitimise state power, but Essay

A constitution is a document that seeks to legitimise state power, but to do this properly it should also act as a restraint on state power. Those are the only functions of a constitiution. Discuss - Essay Example nstitutions date back to the era of Greek philosopher Aristotle (384 – 322 B.C) described the constitution as â€Å"an organization of offices in a state, by which the method of their distribution is fixed, the sovereign authority is determined, and the nature of the end to be pursued by the association and all its members is prescribed. Laws, as distinct from the frame of the constitution, are the rules by which the magistrates should exercise their powers, and should watch and check transgressors†.2 The central role of the constitution of any sovereign state is unquestionable. Not only does a constitution seek to legitimize power but also, it grants the scope for good governance. The challenge arises in the enabling the government with the jurisdiction to mange the government, because it is drafted by men, for men. It is imperative that the governors of the constitution are bestowed with limited power. This concept of power separation is instrumental to constitutionalism. James Madison states that â€Å"The great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed: and in the next place oblige it to control itself. A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions.† 3 Constitutions are designed to portray a sense of ultimate power control all the while granting legitimacy and authority. For example, the constitution should accord the state with the capacity to curb anti-social behaviour. A constitution is ensures that there is no abuse of powers by any given individual or institution because the constitution provides with the necessary mechanism to define what constitutes as a violation. Power separation is effected through the separation of legislative, executive and judicial powers and created a sense of checks and balances4. John Locke, in Separationof Powers iinsts that the legislature is the most superior arm. He says